Predictions & Data for this entry
| Model: std | climate: Cfb, Dfb, Dfc | migrate: | phylum: |
| COMPLETE = 2.4 | ecozone: THp | food: bjO, jiCi | class: |
| MRE = 0.047 | habitat: 0jFp, jiTf, jiTg | gender: Dg | order: |
| SMSE = 0.005 | embryo: Fh | reprod: O | family: |
Zero-variate data
| Data | Observed | Predicted | (RE) | Unit | Description | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ab | 8 | 8.59 | (0.07374) | d | age at birth | amphibiaweb |
| tj | 58 | 57.49 | (0.008836) | d | time since birth at metam | KatzWari2003 |
| tp | 912.5 | 955.2 | (0.04675) | d | time since metam at puberty | EoL |
| am | 1.3e+04 | 1.3e+04 | (0.0001501) | d | life span | Wiki |
| Lj | 1.3 | 1.461 | (0.1241) | cm | total length at metam | KatzWari2003 |
| Lp | 13 | 11.7 | (0.1003) | cm | total length at puberty | KatzWari2003 |
| Li | 15 | 15.75 | (0.04999) | cm | ultimate total length for females | KatzWari2003 |
| Lim | 10 | 9.525 | (0.04752) | cm | ultimate total length for males | guess |
| Wwb | 0.0042 | 0.004116 | (0.01989) | g | wet weight at birth | amphibiaweb |
| Wwj | 0.35 | 0.339 | (0.03149) | g | wet weight at metam | KatzWari2003 |
| Wwi | 417 | 424.4 | (0.01764) | g | ultimate wet weight | KatzWari2003, ReadClar1995 |
| Wwim | 83 | 84.31 | (0.01575) | g | ultimate wet weight of males | ReadClar1995 |
| Ri | 4.11 | 4.109 | (0.0001232) | #/d | maximum reprod rate | EoL |
Uni- and bivariate data
| Data | Figure | Independent variable | Dependent variable | (RE) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tL |  | time since hatch | body length | (0.1276) | KatzWari2003 |
Pseudo-data at Tref = 20°C
| Data | Generalised animal | Bufo bufo | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| v | 0.02 | 0.1865 | cm/d | energy conductance |
| p_M | 18 | 60.43 | J/d.cm^3 | vol-spec som maint |
| k_J | 0.002 | 0.002 | 1/d | maturity maint rate coefficient |
| k | 0.3 | 0.2419 | - | maintenance ratio |
| kap | 0.8 | 0.9865 | - | allocation fraction to soma |
| kap_G | 0.8 | 0.8016 | - | growth efficiency |
| kap_R | 0.95 | 0.95 | - | reproduction efficiency |
Discussion
- We here assume that, at metam, del_M and z change
- mod 2: ingestion-growth data removed, given in Jorg1988 because the time unit was not indicated and toad weight unclear
- mod 2: ultimate body weight is substantially increased, and sex dimorphy made explicit and Wwb reduced
- Males are assumed to differ from females by {p_Am} only
Facts
- Spends its life as a tadpole in the water and as an adult mainly on land in water rich environments. Female toads are somewhat larger (~15 cm) than males (~13 cm). It has a larval period of ca 58 days and it can become relatively old with a max age of ca 36 years. At an age of 3 - 4 years it starts reproduction. It lays a max of 8,000 eggs once a year. During winter it hibernates and in spring massive amounts of toads can migrate to their breeding grounds. It has a characteristic way of laying eggs in strings. (Ref: Wiki)
- Tadpoles lose much of their weight during metamorphosis (Ref: Wiki)
- length-weight males = Ww in g = exp(-8.01 + 2.70 * 1og(SVL im mm)) (Ref: ReadClar1995)
- length-weight females = Ww in g = exp(-10.1 + 3.22 * 1og(SVL im mm)) (Ref: ReadClar1995)
Bibliography